强化型EM菌剂对金针菇菌糠堆肥的影响

为提高EM菌剂在菌糠堆肥中的应用效果,加速腐熟进程,改善堆肥质量,采用纤维素酶与木聚糖酶高产菌株黑曲霉SNH-7、蛋白酶高产菌株枯草芽孢杆菌SNK-103与EM菌剂进行复配,研制强化型EM菌剂,并研究其对菌糠堆肥的影响。结果表明：与普通EM菌剂相比,接种强化型EM菌剂的处理堆肥过程中微生物代谢更加旺盛,温度、pH、EC值、总有机碳、可溶性有机碳、总氮、铵态氮、硝态氮、C/N、腐植酸和黄腐酸含量等理化指标的升高或降低幅度更大,腐熟进程加快;成品堆肥的GI提高,C/N降低,总氮、硝态氮、总腐植酸和游离腐植酸的含量升高,生物安全性更好、肥效更高。说明在EM菌剂中补充纤维素酶、木聚糖酶和蛋白酶高产菌株,可强化其对纤维素、木质素和蛋白质的降解能力,在无辅料、高C/N、低pH的不利条件下,添加该菌剂能加速堆肥进程,提高堆肥质量。     

Genome wide association studies (GWAS) of element contents in grain with a special focus on zinc and iron in a world collection of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Genome wide association studies (GWAS) were carried out to map Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) associated with element contents in the grain using 336 spring barley. Of the elements analyzed, Fe content ranged from 21.9 to 91.0 mg kg⁻¹, Zn from 10.4 to 54.5 mg kg⁻¹, Ba from 0.2 to 8.9, Ca from 186.4 to 977.5, Cu from 1.5 to 9.8, K from 353.2 to 7721.5, Mg from 1049.8 to 2024.2, Mn from 8.1 to 22.9, Na from 55.9 to 627.9, P from 2272.9 to 5428.8, S from 880.7 to 1898.0, Si from 19.1 to 663.2, and Sr from 0.35 to 2.62 mg kg⁻¹. GWAS were carried out using 6519 SNP markers and multiple elements in MLM:PCA + K model in TASSEL software. Population analyses showed two sub-populations, primarily based on row types. GWAS for row types showed association with INTERMEDIUM-C, a modifier gene for lateral spikelet fertility in the 4H chromosome, validating current GWAS approach. GWAS also showed that 2 QTL for Ba, 2 for Ca, 4 for Cu, 11 for Fe, 2 for K, 3 for Mg, 6 for Mn, 4 for Na, 3 for S, 5 for Si, and 3 for Zn were mapped in barley chromosomes. The QTL identified in the current study are valuable for breeding nutrient dense barley cultivars in the future, especially Zn and Fe.     

灰绿碱蓬多糖脱蛋白工艺研究

蛋白本身具有热敏感性,糖蛋白复合物在脱除蛋白质以后,多糖自身的生物活性会明显增加。本文测定了灰绿碱蓬根、茎、叶的基本营养成分,采用水提醇沉法提取了灰绿碱蓬多糖,并优化了多糖脱蛋白工艺比较了Savage法、(NH4)SO4沉淀法、TCA法和酶-Savage法这4种方法的脱蛋白效果。结果显示,灰绿碱蓬多糖的最佳脱蛋白方式为酶-Savage法,酶添加量为7%,Savage溶液处理一次,此条件下脱蛋白效果和多糖保留率均最好,蛋白质脱除率为80.71%,多糖保留率为67.27%。     

γ⁃戊内酯的制备及其在纤维素生物质转化方面的应用

γ-戊内酯是以木质纤维素生物质为原料制备的一种潜力巨大的平台化合物,它既可转化为高密度燃料、相关高分子材料以及其他高价值化学品,也可作为绿色溶剂促进木质生物质向其他高值方向转化。在化石能源日益紧俏、环境问题日益严重的今天,对γ-戊内酯进行深入研究显得尤为重要。但在实际生产中,仍存在产量低、除杂难等经济环保类问题需要解决。基于γ-戊内酯研究的最新进展,从γ-戊内酯的制备与应用两方面进行了论述,综述了生物质催化生产γ-戊内酯的研究进展,说明不同底物生产γ-戊内酯的理论基础与优缺点,并以贵金属和非贵金属催化剂为界,分类讨论了多种用于合成γ-戊内酯的催化剂。最后,结合γ-戊内酯在纤维素生物质转化应用方面的进展情况,探索了γ-戊内酯与其他相关有机物之间的制备关系,为γ-戊内酯的进一步开发利用提供了思路。     

山东省果品产业高质量发展的意义及实现途径

果品产业高质量发展是兼顾经营者、生产者、消费者利益的更高层面的发展;推动山东果品产业高质量发展对于应对产业面临的挑战与压力、促进乡村振兴、落实新发展理念、增加农民收入等都具有十分重要的意义;山东果品产业发展水平具备了由追求高产量向追求高质量发展转变的客观条件;推动山东果品产业高质量发展,需要在充分发挥市场配置资源的决定性作用的同时,更好地发挥政府作用。     

不利气象条件对果业生产的影响及果园管理建议

针对近年来不利气象条件频发情况,分析了不利气象条件对果业生产的影响,提出减轻不利气象条件对果树影响的建议和不利气象发生后果园的管理要点。     

围场县马铃薯中典型药物污染特征及健康风险评价

为掌握典型药物在农作物中的污染特征及健康风险,保障农产品质量安全,利用超声萃取-固相萃取-高效液相色谱/串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)技术,对围场县全县马铃薯中5大类(磺胺类、四环素类、氟喹诺酮类、大环内酯类及其他类)25种药物污染水平及富集效果进行了调查,并对健康风险进行了评价。结果表明,有20种目标物被检出,不同目标物检出率差异显著,检出含量范围为0.13～3.67μg·kg-1,单种污染物最高检出含量为17.0μg·kg-1。马铃薯对目标污染物的富集系数范围在0.01～39.6之间,最大富集系数为61.8。畜禽粪便是马铃薯中药物残留的主要来源,尽管整体检出水平和健康风险相对较低,但长期摄入与协同作用引发的潜在健康风险不容忽视。因此,仍需严控污染源头,推进畜禽粪便安全资源化利用,确保农田环境质量及农产品安全品质。     

Shikonin reverses HGF-induced resistance to gefitinib in lung cancer cells HCC827

AIM: To investigate the effect of shikonin on reversing hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)-induced resistance to gefitinib in lung cancer HCC827 cells, and to explore its possible mechanisms.METHODS: The gefitinib-resistant HCC827 cells induced by HGF were treated with shikonin and gefitinibthe alone or in combination. The inhibition rates of cell viability were determined by MTT assay. The invasive ability of HCC827 cells with HGF-induced resistance to gefitinib was determined by Transwell assay. The protein levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and related signaling pathway in the HCC827 cells were detected by Western blot.RESULTS: The results of MTT assay showed that the cell activity of HCC827 cells was significantly inhibited by shikonin in a dose dependent manner. The IC₅₀ of shikonin in HCC827 cells was 3.06 μmol/L. And the IC₅₀ of gefitinib in HCC827 cells was 0.51 μmol/L. Under the condition of combined treatment with shikonin and gefitinib in the presence of HGF (20 μg/L), the IC₅₀ of gefitinib was 7.36 μmol/L, significantly lower than that treated with gefitinib alone (P<0.01), so did the result of the cell migration (P<0.01). HGF induced EMT, while shikonin reversed this effect. The protein expression level of p-AKT was significantly up-regulated by HGF, while markedly down-regulated treatment with shikonin and gefitinib compared with gefitinib alone (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Shikonin reverses HGF-induced resistance to gefitinib in lung cancer HCC827 cells, and the mechanism may be likely related to the preventon of EMT and the inhibition of HGF-induced activation of p-AKT signaling pathway.     

单位换算技术在水泵测试软件中的应用

水泵试验时,要采集诸多参数,并且根据这些参数计算出扬程、轴功率、NPSH等数值,不同国家这些参数采用的单位不同,企业必须能够按照客户要求的单位提供试验数据:并且有时客户要求得到水泵在特殊介质下进行试验得出的试验数据,同一台泵在每种介质下都做一遍试验不太现实,而且会提高企业的生产成本,提出将采集的数据进行单位换算,根据不同国家或者客户的特殊要求求出泵的试验数据,在实际应用中节省了试验成本,得到了企业的好评.